Cyclin G-associated Kinase (GAK)

Auxilin 2

Cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), also known as auxilin 2, is a cellular serine/threonine kinase. GAK was originally identified as an association partner of cyclin G and CDK5 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5). It is essential for clathrin trafficking, mediating binding of clathrin to the plasma membrane and the trans-Golgi network, and regulating receptor signalling by influencing trafficking downstream of clathrin-coated vesicles. GAK has been reported to phosphorylate the μ2 subunit of adaptor protein 1 and 2 (AP-1 and AP-2), thereby initiating a conformational change and enhancing their binding to sorting signals (in the form of tyrosineor dileucine-based motifs) within the cargo. In addition to its role in the cytoplasm, GAK has important functions in the nucleus. It is required for the maintenance of proper centrosome maturation and progression through mitosis. GAK plays a central role during development and GAK KO mice die early in gestation.

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